The Book in Three Sentences

Know when to fight and when not to fight: Avoid what is strong and strike at what is weak.

Know how to deceive the enemy: Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak.

Know your strengths and weaknesses: If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles.

Book summary

Sun Tzu’s The Art of War is one of the world’s most revered books on strategy. Although this classic was compiled more than 2,000 ago,  there is still much you can learn from the writing on managing conflict wisely, efficiently, and victoriously.

1. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin.

Here, Sun Tzu is saying those who strategize and plan are better equipped to handle conflict than those with no plan. Successful entrepreneurs and managers are prepared for change and ready to act on it when the opportunity presents itself. They have the tools, training, and flexibility to change direction when warranted. You can’t execute without a well-thought-out plan to guide the way.

2. According to circumstances that are favorable, one should modify one’s plans.

Even though you must plan for every eventuality in business, flexibility is critical. You need to recognize when change is needed. This can prove particularly challenging in business, as it often seems wiser to stay the course. If you look at examples like RIM/BlackBerry though, which resisted the shift toward smartphone apps, you can see that unwillingness to change can be a costly mistake.

3. Ground on which we can only be saved from destruction by fighting without delay, is desperate ground.

Sun Tzu was big on picking your battles. This lesson is critically important in the age of social media and the Internet. Consumers expect responses to online communications almost immediately. It might also seem that when a competitor takes a shot at you, an immediate counteraction is required. However, the best course of action usually isn’t a knee-jerk reaction, but rather a carefully thought-out and planned response. Some situations may not even warrant a response. Always take a step back and evaluate the situation before fighting back.

4. On open ground, do not try to block the enemy’s way. On the ground of intersecting highways, join hands with your enemies.

In business, you might be tempted to directly attack. Consider the ‘Scroogled’ campaign Microsoft Bing launched against Google. Bing warned consumers not to get Scroogled by its rival search engine during the holiday campaigns in 2012. The campaign was deemed hypocritical and criticized by many. The full-frontal assault on your competitor just may backfire, so find more creative avenues to weaken it. Ideally, you’ll find others lower on the totem pole to join forces.

5. If he is secure at all points, prepare for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him.

Assume your competitors might be coming for you if they seem to have their house in order and you can’t find a weakness. Smaller retailers, for example, probably feel this way about Amazon–where is the chink in that armor? When a competitor is so much stronger than you as to have the clear advantage, it’s not the time to attack and put yourself on its radar.

6. If he is taking his ease, give him no rest.

The time when your competitors need to regroup and recover is the time to go on the attack. This may not mean attacking them, per se, but don’t be pacified into taking it a bit easier yourself because they don’t have their campaigns in full swing. If you are still strong, use their need to rest to your advantage.

7. Prohibit the taking of omens, and do away with superstitious doubts.

We have more data at our disposal than ever before. If you’re still basing business decisions on gut instincts and personal feelings, you’re setting yourself up to fail.

8. Rapidity is the essence of war: Take advantage of the enemy’s unreadiness, make your way by unexpected routes, and attack unguarded spots.

In the modern business environment, much can be gained by staying a step ahead of competitors in the technology arena. What tools or platforms can give you an edge in helping you give consumers a better overall experience? Be there before your competitors are. Set the trends. Offer experiences people don’t yet expect but will appreciate. Watch your competitors struggle as they clamber to catch up to you, sapping their energy by worrying about what you’re doing. Isn’t that a more productive position than constantly being the pursuer?

9. Use the conquered foe to augment one’s strength.

When you’ve gained ground against a competitor, are you taking all you can and using it to build your own business? This might mean developing an outreach strategy to seek out its unhappy customers and bringing them into your own folds. It could mean taking on a supplier after their relationship soured, in order to offer a specific product that will win over more consumers. Find that angle and exploit it.

10. There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged war.

This is especially true in business. Do you see how much money is wasted on political attack ads? Profitable businesses can’t afford long, all-out wars with competitors–just imagine the ad spend and PR budget!

Important quotes

"The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting."
Sun Tzu
“Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak”
Sun Tzu
“If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle.”
Sun Tzu
“Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night, and when you move, fall like a thunderbolt.”
Sun Tzu
“Supreme excellence consists of breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.”
Sun Tzu
“All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when we are able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must appear inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near.”
Sun Tzu
“In the midst of chaos, there is also opportunity”
Sun Tzu
“Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first and then seek to win”
Sun Tzu
“The greatest victory is that which requires no battle.”
Sun Tzu
“To know your Enemy, you must become your Enemy.”
Sun Tzu
There are five essentials for victory: 1 He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight. 2 He will win who knows how to handle both superior and inferior forces. 3 He will win whose army is animated by the same spirit throughout all its ranks. 4 He will win who, prepared himself, waits to take the enemy unprepared. 5 He will win who has military capacity and is not interfered with by the sovereign.”
Sun Tzu
“Even the finest sword plunged into salt water will eventually rust.”
Sun Tzu
“Move swift as the Wind and closely-formed as the Wood. Attack like the Fire and be still as the Mountain.”
Sun Tzu
“When you surround an army, leave an outlet free. Do not press a desperate foe too hard.”
Sun Tzu
“Opportunities multiply as they are seized.”
Sun Tzu
“There are not more than five musical notes, yet the combinations of these five give rise to more melodies than can ever be heard. There are not more than five primary colours, yet in combination they produce more hues than can ever been seen. There are not more than five cardinal tastes, yet combinations of them yield more flavours than can ever be tasted.”
Sun Tzu
“When the enemy is relaxed, make them toil. When full, starve them. When settled, make them move.”
Sun Tzu
“who wishes to fight must first count the cost”
Sun Tzu

About Author of "Art of War"

The author of “The Art of War” is Sun Tzu, an ancient Chinese military strategist and philosopher. Very little is known about Sun Tzu’s life, and even his existence is sometimes debated by historians. According to tradition, he lived in China during the Eastern Zhou period (771-476 BC) and served as a general in the army of the state of Wu.

“The Art of War” is his most famous work, which outlines strategies and tactics for military commanders to achieve victory in battle. The book emphasizes the importance of understanding one’s opponents, exploiting their weaknesses, and adapting to changing circumstances.

“The Art of War” has been highly influential not only in the military world but also in the fields of business, politics, and sports. Sun Tzu’s teachings have been studied and applied by people across the world for more than two millennia. However, much of Sun Tzu’s life and work remain shrouded in mystery and legend.

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