Relational Operators Explained with Examples

What Are Relational Operators?

Relational operators are used to compare two values or expressions.

• They check relationships between values
• The result is always Boolean
  • True (1)
  • False (0)

Purpose of Relational Operators

Relational operators are mainly used in:

• Decision making
• Conditional statements
• Loops
• Logical expressions

List of Relational Operators

Operator	Name	Meaning
>	Greater than	Left value is greater
<	Less than	Left value is smaller
>=	Greater than or equal to	Greater or equal
<=	Less than or equal to	Smaller or equal
==	Equal to	Values are equal
!=	Not equal to	Values are not equal

Explanation with Examples

(a) Greater Than >

Returns true if the first value is greater.

Example:

10 > 5   → True
4 > 9    → False

(b) Less Than <

Returns true if the first value is smaller.

Example:

3 < 8   → True
10 < 2  → False

(c) Greater Than or Equal To >=

True if the value is greater than OR equal.

Example:

7 >= 7  → True
5 >= 9  → False

(d) Less Than or Equal To <=

True if the value is less than OR equal.

Example:

6 <= 8  → True
9 <= 4  → False

(e) Equal To ==

Checks whether two values are equal.

⚠️ Important:
== is comparison, not assignment.

Example:

5 == 5   → True
4 == 6   → False

(f) Not Equal To !=

True when values are different.

Example:

5 != 3   → True
7 != 7   → False

Output of Relational Operators

• Output is Boolean
• Either:
  • True / False
  • 1 / 0 (in some languages)

Use in Conditional Statements

Example (if statement):

if (marks >= 40)
    print("Pass");
else
    print("Fail");

Here, >= is a relational operator.

Use with Variables

a = 10
b = 20

a < b   → True
a == b  → False

Relation with Logical Operators

Relational operators are often used before logical operators.

Example:

(a > 5) AND (b < 10)

Common Student Mistakes (Exam Tip ⭐)

❌ Using = instead of ==
❌ Forgetting that output is Boolean
❌ Mixing assignment and comparison

One-Line Definition (Exam-Perfect)

Relational operators are operators used to compare two values and return a Boolean result.

Cables and Types Used in Physical Transmission Media