Political Science – I Repeated Questions from 2016-2022

Section-I

Aristotle
Q. No. 2. Give a critical analysis of Aristotle’s classification of Governments. (2016)
Q. No. 3. Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called “Aristotle” of the eighteenth century? Discuss. (2020)
Q2. What is the Aristotelian classification of state? (2021)

Machiavelli
Q. No. 3. Is it correct to say that Machiavelli was an apostle of Power Politics? (2016)

Al-Mawardi
Q. No. 4. Describe Al-Mawardi’s theory of Imamate. (2016)
Q3. Compare and contrast the concepts of the executive presented by the Muslim thinkers Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, and Shah Waliuulah. (2022)

Al-Farabi
Q3. Compare and contrast the concepts of the executive presented by the Muslim thinkers Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, and Shah Waliuulah. (2022)

Thomas Hobbes
Q. No. 2. Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and Locke. How are these philosophies implemented in present-day political systems and policymaking? (2017)
Q. No. 3. What is the concept of the State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau. (2018)
Q. No. 4. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. (2020)
Q3. What is the difference between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of Hobbes and Locke? (2021)
Q4. Illustrate the Hobbesian concept of a limited right to revolution. (2022)

John Locke
Q. No. 2. Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and Locke. How are these philosophies implemented in present-day political systems and policymaking? (2017)
Q. No. 3. What is the concept of the State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau. (2018)
Q. No. 4. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. (2020)
Q3. What is the difference between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of Hobbes and Locke? (2021)

Plato
Q2. Discuss in detail Plato’s concept of justice. (2022)
Q. No. 2. Critically analyze the salient features of Plato’s Republic. Do you think that some of its features are valid, even today? (2018)

Shah Waliullah
Q5. Explain the socio-political thought of Shah Waliullah which is greatly ingrained in his religio-philosophical thought. (2021)
Q3. Compare and contrast the concepts of the executive presented by the Muslim thinkers Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, and Shah Waliuulah. (2022)

Rousseau
Q. No. 3. What is the concept of the State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau. (2018)
Q. No. 4. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. (2020)
Q3. What is the difference between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of Hobbes and Locke? (2021)

Hegel
Q. No. 2. Examine the view that the Hegelian spirit is nothing but the evolution of human consciousness to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence. (2019)
Q. No. 5. Examine the view that the Hegelian spirit is nothing but the evolution of human consciousness to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence. (2020)

Karl Marx
Q. No. 3. According to Marx “the mode of production in material life determines the general character of the social, political and spiritual process in life”. Elucidate. (2017)
Q5. Describe in detail Karl Marx’s views on class, state, and religion. (2022)

Ibn Khaldun
Q. No. 4. Discuss the upward and downward development of the state, rulers, and ruled in the socio-political thought of Ibn Khaldun. (2017)
Q. No. 4. Write a detailed note on the concept of asabiyya as given by Ibn-e-Khaldun. What is its significance in the progress and decline of nations? (2018)
Q4. Ibn I Khaldun while acknowledging the external actors, emphasizes more on the internal systemic factors as decisive for the decline of the state. Elaborate. (2021)

Allama Iqbal
Q. No. 5. Write a detailed essay on the principle of Ijtihad in Islam as given by Allama Iqbal. How it can be made possible in the modern age? (2018)

Sovereignty and Supremacy
Q. No. 3. The growing judicial activism in Pakistan is clearly at the expanse of parliamentary sovereignty and supremacy. Critically analyze the statement. (2019)
Q. No. 2. Why monistic or absolute concept of sovereignty has been abandoned? Analyse the legal concept of sovereignty. (2020)

Globalization
Q. No. 5. Globalization restricts the autonomy of the state, and generates domestic social conflicts, and inequalities. Discuss the interactions between globalization and domestic politics. (2019)

Nationality and Citizenship
Q. No. 4. Explain the concept of Nationality and distinguish between Nationality and Citizenship. (2019)

Miscellaneous
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:
(a) End of History (2016)
(b) Totalitarianism (2016)
(c) Women Empowerment (2016)

Section-II

Political Parties
Q. No. 6. “Democratic Political System cannot function successfully without organized Political Parties.” Discuss. (2016)
Q. No. 7. Compare and contrast the differing roles played by political parties and interest groups in making public policy. (2017)

Judiciary
Q. No. 7. What is the significance of an independent judiciary in a democratic republic? Do you think that without an independent judiciary a system of checks and balances can be established in the government? Explain with appropriate examples. (2018)

Democracy
Q. No. 6. “Democratic Political System cannot function successfully without organized Political Parties.” Discuss. (2016)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each)
(a) Role of the middle class in strengthening democracy. (2018)
Q8. What is capitalism and what is its relation with democracy? (2021)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following: (10 each)
(a) Civil society (2016)
(b) Public opinion (2016)

Nation-State System
Q6. Write an essay on the development of the modern nation-state. (2022)

Sovereignty
Q6. What are the political and legal constraints over the sovereignty of parliament in Pakistan? (2021)

Capitalism
Q8. What is capitalism and what is its relation with democracy? (2021)

Islamic Political Ideology
Q8. Write short notes on the following: 1. Islamic political ideology (2022)

Parliamentary System
Q7. The adoption of the parliamentary system in Pakistan is the result of the political experiences of Pakistanis in the past. Elaborate. (2021)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each)
(b) Violation of parliamentary values and traditions in Pakistan (2018)

Islamic Concept of State
Q. No. 5. What is the Islamic concept of state? Identify issues and challenges to the Islamic concept of state in modern times. (2017)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each)
(c) Significance of religious harmony in a state. (2018)

Fascism
Q. No. 7. Fascism generally flourishes in countries with strong nationalism and weak democracies. Discuss the enabling conditions for fascism with reference to Germany and Italy. (2019)
Q. No. 6. Critically examine the basic principles of Fascism. (2020)
Q. No. 8. What is Fascism and why is it considered to be the child of the first half of 20th-century events to place in Europe? (2017)

Federal Form of Government
Q. No. 6. What characteristic of society leads to the adoption of the federal form of government? How it can function successfully? (2017)
Q. No. 6. How far 18th Amendment will transform the existing federal system in Pakistan? (2019)
Q. No. 7. Bring out clearly the difference between unitary and federal forms of government. (2020)

Unitary Form of Government
Q. No. 7. Bring out clearly the difference between unitary and federal forms of government. (2020)

Local Government System
Q. No. 6. What is the significance of the Local Government System in a country? Discuss the reasons for repeated failures of the efforts in Pakistan to establish a stable local government. (2018)
Q7. Discuss in detail the development of the local-self government in Pakistan. (2022)

Miscellaneous
Q. No. 7. Explain, ‘Confederation’. How is it different from the Federation? (2016)
Q. No. 8. How far is it true to say that the origin of the state lies in force? Discuss critically the Theory of Force regarding the origin of the state. (2019)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following:- (10 each) (a). Ibn-e-Khaldun’s concept of Asbiyah (2020)
(b). Marx’s theory of Class Struggle (2020)
Q8. Write short notes on the following: (b)Forms of Political culture (2022)